Electric-arc lamp.



No. 673,951. Patented May l4, |90L J. HERRICHT.

ELECTRIC ABC LAMP.

(,a umion filed Dec. 26. 1900. (IoModaL) 2 Sheets8heet l.

m. 673,95I. Patented May l4, l90l.

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ELECTRIC ARC LAIIP. (Applicntion filed Dec. 26, 1900.)

2 Sheets-Shoat 2.

m: uanms vz'rcns ca. wucruuwm WASHINGTON, n c.

UNITED STATES PATENT ()FFICE.

JOHN HERRIOHT, .OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO GUSTAVWALTHER, OE SAME PLACE.

ELECTRIC- ARC LAM P.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 673,951, dated May 14,1901. Application filed December 26, 1900. Serial No- 4LO5O- (N model-JTo otZZ whom it mag concern: 7

Be it known that I, JOHN HERRIOHT, a citizen of the United States,residingat Cleveland, in the county of Ouyahoga and State of Ohio, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Arc-Lamps; and I dohereby declare the-following to be a full, clear, and exact descriptionofthe in vention,such as will enable others skilled in the art to whichit appertains to make and use the same, reference being hadto theaccompanying drawings, and to characters of reference marked thereon,

. which form a part of thisspecification.

This invention relates to arc-lamps, and

more especially to that class of lamps known as inclosed arc,yusing highcurrent, designed for use as headlights, and has for its object meansfor focusing the arc in a'reflector and other details of constructionhereinafterpointed 'outand particularly claimed.

Referring to the drawings, in which like parts are similarly designated,Figure l is a front view showing the lamp ready for trimming. Fig.2 is avertical central-section of Fig. 1, someof the parts being shown inelevation. Fig. 3 is a detail perspective of the inner globeor bottleholder in verted,together with the carbon-guide therein, Fig. 4 is adetail in perspective, showing a modification of the bottle-holder,which is used at the end] volts.

Headlights heretofore constructed necessilated the nse of large andexpensive resistr ance-hoxes, heating the carto a great extent; and whenthecurrent dropped, by reason of heavytraffic', extinguished the lamp.By the present construction I avoid the necessity-of any resistan otherthan that ordinarily used in arc-lights, producing a lamp that cannot bejolt-ed outgoue that quickly and easily recovers itself after jolts dueto theunevenness of the track, and which isequally well adapted forstreet-railways using under or over head circuits and locomotives.

Referring to Figs. 1 and 2, 10'is a reflector, secured by a screw 12 toa bracket 13 on the lower part of a base-board 11, designed to be hungon the dashboard or other desirable place on a car or secured on'top ofthe smokeboX of a locomotive. In this base-board is formed a slot 1.4:,extending from the top there of to near the point where the reflector issecured. On each side of this slot is a guide rail or flange 121,,between which slides'lhe squared nut 201 on the bracket 20, andacross end of the slot and may or may not carry a bevel-gearing 19. Thenut 201 of the lampbracket 20 slides between the guide-rails 14:1

and .is moved between the brackets 15 and 18 by the screw 17.

The upper end of the spindle 16 is squared at 21 for the reception of asuitable detachable operating key or Handle, (not shown,) whereby thelamp can be focused relatively to the reflector from the top. It may,however,be desirable to move the lamp from the.

side, and to this end a second bevel-pinion 22, gearing with the pinion19, secured to and op- ,eratedby a cross-shaft 70, ending at the side ofthe headlight and operated by a similar key or handle 71.

The bracket 20 is secured to the lower spool-. head 23 or to any othersuitable rigid portion of the lamp. This lower spool-head, which ispreferably, though not necessarily, of non-,

less intense field beyond it, these windings being'connected in series,as shown'at' 80. This arrangement of Winding provides a greater numberofampere-turns around the magnet 25 and lesslbelow it when the voltagev ortension ishigh, thus increasing the: magnetism of said magnet, drawingthe armature 29 higher up to produce 'a longer are; but

- when the voltage drops, due to great number of cars being on the line,thenthe ampereturns in the fine-wire windingwill decrease,

due, to the decrease of voltage, and the armature will drop below, thefine-wire winding and must be acted upon then'by the coarsewirewindingin order to hold it in a swinging'position at a short are. Assoon as the voltage increases the strength of the magnet will increaseand the armature will be immediately lifted to stri-ke'a longer are.

Inside the spool-body 24' moves the arma ture 29, on the upper end ofwhich is secured a carbonguide-tube 30, which has on its ex-.

terior threaded portion an adjustable ringstop 31'. This carbonguidetube works through the magnet and fits itsnugly, as also does thearmature thespool-body. Thus the space between'thearmature and thenagnet' has a, cushioning effect, and the'coope'rating parts'form adash-pot within the body of the 1 spool.-

. I The armature is providednearits top with [a circumferential""or cut;away, portion 67, which formsahead to'be strongly actuated upon,'especially the fine wire winding, and then a'less-magnetic portion at theneck in thearmature, and" then ia. more strongly magnetic portion belowthis groove; I This arrangement'allows agreate'rswing forthe armature,provides automatic "regulation when 4 vthe current drops, and insures aready respouse to variations of current inthe spoolf that is, tovariation of ampere-turns inthe spool,'dnefto drop ofjvoltage. v

Inthe lower end of the armature 29is a I second guid'e tube32 andslotted on one side at 33. Screwed on. this. tube and abutting againstthe lower end of the armature is a sleeve orring 34,,which carries apair of outwardly-flaring springs '35, having rollers 36 at their lowerends. To one of these springs is secured the carbon-clutch 37 ,takingthrough .the slot 33 and engaging the carbon.

I may make the tube 32 shorteran'dprovide two clutch-jaws 34, one oneachspring 35, that will engage thecarbon-A be-lowthe' lowerend of saidtube clutch.

It willfbe observed that the-tube 32 ad jnstable in the armature 29 andalso thejringj or sleeve 34 isadj ustableon this tube, where by thelength of arc, the throw ofv-the armature, and theaction, of the springscanbe ad-' justed; Secured, below the lower -magnethead onlthe'projecting threaded end of the spool-body isa conical or flaringclutch-hous ing, provided in its circumferencewith a cir-' cumt'erentialgroove 7 2,- into which the rollers 32, thus providing a double 36'takeat the limit of their downward travel,

thereby'cansing the spread'of the'springs, re-

leasingthe upper carbon A from the clutch and allowing it to drop. Ontothisclutchhousing is secured a heat-shield or bottle-cap v38, throughwhich passesjthe' uppercarbon,

and secured to and insulated from it is a lower-carbon bracket 39,carrying in its end the lower carbon B. Secured to the top of the spooland on the magnet 25 is a base 40, having a pocket 41 formed in acentral projection 42. Around this projection 42 is placed thelampresistance-coil 43, one, end

to feed lower carbon B3. The other end of said resistance-coilisconnected t'o a plug-pin '44,, designed to enter a suitablesocket in the.car. v

I Oneend of thespool-winding is connected 5 to a plug 45, also designedto enter a socket inthe car, and the other end: is electricallyconnected to the lower spool-head and through contacting parts tothe'carbon.

pins 44 and'45, each of a difierent shape,are'

securedto base'46 and simultaneouslyem ter their sockets."llhediiferi'ant shapes of the pins insure their insertioninto propersockets.

The upper J bottle-holder and heat-shield Bothof these of whichisconnected to the negative termi- 'nal of the lamp--to wit, thelamp-bracket 39- i (shown invert-ed in- Fig. 3 comprise the bodyportion38, whose threaded end 7 3'screws into 7 A 1 thelowerfendof theclutch-housing, and plate v 47-, which forms'the'shield proper andabutment roi- 'the' end of the bottle or inner-globe,-

and'also carries? raceway 48', in which are" balls 49, forming aball-bearing contact for the upperca'rbon; In order to insure -co1 1,-'H stant contact with this carbon, 1 place around this raceway andbetween the-balls and' the inner wall thereof a leaf spring ,orpsheetzofspring metal 50, .whichbyitstendency to coil' will press the ballsagainst-the carbon." A

suitable plate 51 fits over the raceway and prevents the balls fromfa'lling out and is secured to the ball-bearing casing'by means of. Iscrews-52; 11-, howevendo notlimit myself to this particularforinof'plate forsecuring'the' 5 balls in place, asthis may hea-threaded plate which fits intothe end of the raceway; .From

the heat-shield 47"depends a'snitable flange 53. This flange is slottedat two or more portions', as shown at 54, and has a perforation initinto'which takes a thum b -sc'rew 55. Surrpunding-this flangeisafring"56,.carrying screws or pins 57, which take into the slots 54.This ring isma'd'e of asufficiently-yield ing material toallowiafcertainamountof expansion. [The bottleis held againsttheheat}shield; 'The thuunlrscrew'*'5'5 is turned to] move the ringeccentrically to the depending nection for thebottle,"asin the caseifolfbot flange, whereby thefscrewsor pins157and thef- I thumb-screw 55 willbe 'niovedthrough the; slots and-hole in the depending flange and takeinto the retaining-groove ofthe bottle; p

*Wheh-it is desirable toforina-yielding con; 1

ties open at both'end's and'of small diameter; i

this ring is modified by cutting away a portion thereof between the lugsor screws 57, as shown in Fig. 4. Between the bottle and the pins orscrews'57 and 55 I may insert a yielding metallic strip, which will notfit closely into the groove and will yield sufficiently to the expansionof the bottle due to heating. Thus I avoid making the ring 56 of springmetal and may then cast it of iron.

Surrounding the entire lamp is a shcet'iron casing formed in two parts.The upper portion 86 is perforatedto admit the stem 16 of theactuating-screw to pass through it, is secured to the projection 42 onthe resistancebase by means of a screw 57, and moves with the lamp. Thelower portion 74 thereof is se- 'is in an operative position.

cured by bolts 58 to the base-plate 11 and is provided above thereflector with a door 59,

swung outwardly when the lamp is lifted to be trimmed and held closed bythe upper boxlike portion of the casing 86 when the lamp In front ofthis casing 74 is a spring split ring 60, that has formed on either sideof the split finger-grips 61, arranged to press together when insertingit into the groove 62 in the lower portion of the casing in front of thereflector. This ring has formed on its rear portion lugs 63, which holdthe glass 64 between them and the flange 65 on said ring. A grip 75opposite the split aids in inserting the ring into the groove 62 in thecasing 74. This arrangement allows the easy replacement of a glass infront of the reflector, the ring is removed from the casing, the glassplaced therein, and

the finger-grips 61 pressed together to contract the ring 60, likewisedrawing withit the lugs 63, thus making the entire glass frame ofsmallerdiameter. The frame is then inserted into the groove 62 andallowed to expand; but this expansion is not sufficient to allow theglass to drop out of the ring. Should the metal of which the ring ismade not have sufflcient elasticity, I fasten to one of the finger-gripsa pin 76, whose free end slides in a hole in the other finger-grip. Onthis pin is a coil-spring 77, which will hold the ring securely sprungin its groove 62.

In lieu of the arrangement shown in Figs. 1 and 2 for lifting andlowering the lamp I may use a rack-and-pin motion (shown in Figs. 5 and6) and focus both the lamp and the reflector.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is

l. The combination with a perforated stationary reflector, of a casingtherefor, an arclamp organized to be moved through the perforations andfocused in said reflector, and a box-like portion for said lamp carriedthereby and organized to telescope on the casing surrounding thereflector, substantially as de scribed.

2. The combination with a perforated stationary reflector, a casingtherefor and vertical door therein, an arc-lamp organized to move through the perforations and be focused in said reflector, and a box-likecasing secured to and movable with said lamp, organized to telescope aportion of the casing for said reflector and said door, substantially asdescribed.

3. The combination with a perforated stationary reflector, a casingtherefor and an arclamp movable through the perforations and focused inlhe reflector, a bracket secured to a solenoid-head of said lamp and ascrew organized to move said bracket and lamp into focus, substantiallyas described.

4. In an arc-lamp, a solenoid comprising a non-magnetic tube, a magnetsecured to one end thereof to form a continuation of said tube, bothforming a spool-body, a magnetic spool-head secured to said magnet and anonmagnetic spool-head secured to said tube and suitable winding,substantially as and forthe purpose set forth. I

5. In an arc-lamp, a solenoid comprising a non-magnetic tube and lowerspool-head, said tube projecting below and adjustablein said head, atubular magnet secured to said tube and with it forming the spool-body,a

magnetic upper spool-head secured to the magnet, and suitable windings,substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

6. In an arc-lamp, a solenoid comprising a spool, a fine-wire windingextending a portion of the length thereof and a coarse wire Winding inseries therewith and extending the remainder of the length of the spool,substantially as described.

7. In an arc-lamp, a solenoid comprising a spool, a fine-wire windingextending a portion of the length thereof, a coarse-wire winding inseries therewith and extending the remainder of the length of said spooland arranged to cover also the fine-wire winding, substantially asdescribed.

8. In an arc-lamp, a solenoid comprising a spool-body, a magnet formingpart of the spool-body,suitable heads,a fine-wire winding extending partof the length of the spool-body and a coarse-wire winding in seriestherewith and extending the remainder of the length of said spool,substantially as described.

9. In an arc-lamp, a solenoid comprising a body portion, a magnetsecured to one end thereof, aspool-head of magnetic material secured tosaid magnet and a lower head of non-magnetic material in combinationwith a fine-wire winding extending part of the length of the-spool and acoarse-Wire winding in series therewith extending the remainderof thelength of said spool and covering also the fine-wire winding,substantially as described.

10. In an arc-lamp, the combination with a solenoid, a conical orflaring tube secured to said spool and recesses formed ,in said tube, anarnlaturemovable in said spool, a carbonclutch secured to said armature,said clutch organized to be released by the recesses in said conical orflaring tube, substantially as described.

11. In an arc-lamp, in combination with a solenoid, a conical or flaringtube secured thereto and recesses in said tube, of an armature movablein said solenoid, a guide-tube adjustable and projecting from saidarmature,

a carbon-clutch adjustable on said guide-tube and organized to bereleased by the recesses in said conical or flaring tube, substantiallyas described.

12. In an arc-lamp, a solenoid comprising a spool-body, a magnet forminga part thereof, an armature movable in the spool-body, a guide-tubesecured in the upper end of said armature and arranged to pass throughthe,

magnet and a stop adjustable on said tube in combination with acarbon-clutch carried by said armature and cooperating with the flaringtube to actuate the carbon, substantially as described.

13. In an arc-lamp, the combination with a solenoid, a conical orflaring tube secured at the bottom of said solenoid, of an armature insaid solenoid, a carbon-clutch adjustable with relation to the armatureand moved thereby comprising outwardly-flaring springs engaging theinterior surface of the conical tube, substantially as described.

14. In an arc-lamp, a solenoid, a conical or flaring tube securedthereto, in combination with an armature, a tube adjustably secured inthe lower end of said armature, a sleeve.

adjustable on said tube, outwardly bent springs secured to said sleeve,rollers on the end of said springs and a clutch-jaw secured to one ofsaid springs passing through the slot ins-aid tube and engaging thecarbon, substantiallyas described. a

15. In an arc-lamp, a solenoid comprising a tube, a magnet secured tothe end thereof to form the spool-body, suitable heads, fine and coarsewire windings on said spool, a conical or flaring tube secured at thebase of said spool, a releasing-space in said conical or flaring tube,an armature movable in said spool, a carbon-clutch, a, guide-tubeadjustable in the upper end of said armature, a stop ad-- justable onsaid tube, a guide adjustable in and secured to the lower portion ofsaid armature, a ring adjustable on said tube, outwardly-flaring springssecured at one end to said ring,'a clutch-jaw on said springs the endsof said springs taking into the releasing-space insaid conical orflaring tube, a carbon guide-tube adjustable in the upper end of saidarmature, a stop adjustable on said tube, a guidetube adjustable in andsecured to the lower portion of said armature,va ring adjustable on saidtube, outwardly-flaring springs secured at one end to said ring, acarbon-clutch jaw on said springs the ends of said springs taking intothe releasing-space in said conical tube to withdraw the clutch-jaw fromthe carbon, substantially as described. A

16. In an arc-lamp, comprising a solenoid having fine and coarse wirewindings, a magnet forming a portion of the solenoid-body, a

bottle cap or heat shield secured to said clutch-housing, ball-bearingcontacts in said bottle-cap for the upper carbon and a lowercarbonholder depending from the bottle-cap, substantially as described. I

17. In an arc-lamp, the combination with the solenoid and its movablearmature, of a clutch carried by said armature, a conical clutch-housingand a releasing-groove therein, said clutch cooperating with the housingto grip and release the'carbon, substantially as described. p,

18. In an arc-lamp, the combination with the solenoid and its movablecore,-of a clutchhousing secured thereto, a circumferential Vreleasinggroove in said housing, a clutch moved thereby comprisingsprings held at one end to the armature and the free ends thereofcooperating with the clutch-housing to cause them to grip andrelease thecarbon, substantially as described. a

19. In an arc-lamp, a ball-bearing carboncontact comprising a racewayballs therein and a spring between said balls and raceway,

I substantially as described.

20. In an arc-lamp, a ball-bearing'carboncontact comprising a raceway,balls therein and a coil-spring between said balls and raceway,substantially as described.

21. In an arc-lamp, a ball-bearing carboncontact comprising a raceway,balls therein and means for yieldingly holding the balls against thecarbon,substantially as d escribed.

22. In an arc-lamp, a ball-bearing carboncontact comprising a raceway,balls therein I and a coiled leaf-spring between saidballs and raceway,substantially as described.

23. In an arc-lamp, a bottle-holder com prising a bottle-seat, a flangeonsaid seat, slots therein, a ring surrounding. said flange, pins insaid ring projecting through the slots and means for moving the ringeccentrically to said flange, substantially as described.

24:. In an arc-lamp, a bottle-holder comprising a bottle-seat, a flangethereon, slots in said flange, a ring surrounding said flange, pins insaid ring projecting through said slots anda thumb-screw in the ringalso passing through the flange to move saidring eccentrically to theflange, substantially as described.

25. In an arc-lamp,a bottle-holder comprising a bottle-seat, a flangethereon, slots in and a ring surrounding said flange, pins adj ustablein said ring and projecting throughsaid slots, a thumb-screw in said'ring projecting through the flange to move said ring eccen-' trically,substantially as described.

2.6. In an arc-lamp,a bottle-holder comprising a bottle-seat, a flangethereon, slots in said flange, a partial ring around said flange, pinstherein projecting through the slots and means for moving said partialrings eccentrically to the bottle-holder, substantially as described. i

27. In an arc-lamp,a bottle-cap,a ball-bearing carbon-contact therein,depending flange and a pair of slots therein, a ring surrounding saidflange, pins therein projecting through the slot and a thumb-screwthrough the ring and flange to move the former eccentrically to thelatter, substantially as described. I

28. In an arc-lamp, a reflector-glass holder comprising a split ring, aflange thereon, lugs on said ring and finger-grips at the split portionthereof arranged to hold the glass between the lugs and flange,substantially as described.

29. In an arc-lamp, the combination with the casing and grooved openingaround the reflector thereof, of a glass-holder comprising a split ring,a flange thereon, lugs behind said flange, finger-grips on either sideof the split ring and a springbetween the fingergrips, the glass beingheld between said lugs and flange, substantially as described.

30. In an arc-lamp, a solenoid comprising a body portion, a magnet ofthe same external a door hinged to said reflector-casing at the offsetand an arc-lam p,a casin g secured thereto and means for moving saidlamp into the focus of said reflector and telescope the two casings,substantially as set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed myname in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JOHN HERRICHT.

Witnesses:

GEO. E. FRECH, HENRY ORTH, Jr.

